[detailed explanation] ArchLinux installation and configuration KDE desktop

Here are my notes on learning how to install and configure KDE desktop on site B. the links on site B are as follows:

1. Update the system

pacman -Syyu

2. Create a new user

useradd -m -g users -G wheel -s /bin/bash yuxiang # Create user

Set password:

passwd yuxiang # Set password for user yuxiang

3. Edit new user permissions

EDITOR=vim visudo

Press / search wheel and Enter

Navigate to #% wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL and press X twice under the # sign to delete the comment

Press Esc to enter: wq exit Vim

4. Install KDE desktop environment

pacman -S plasma-meta konsole dolphin bash-completion

Press Enter twice to install

Set SDDM to start automatically

systemctl enable sddm

Open 32-bit support library and ArchLinuxCN support library

sudo vim /etc/pacman.conf

Press Shift+G to reach the end of the document

Move the cursor up to the next line, and then delete the # note in front of the following text

[multilib]
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

Then remove the notes of the following text, such as:

[custom]SigLevel = Optional TrustAllServer = file:///home/custompkgs

Then change [custom] to [archlinuxcn], delete the line SigLevel, and replace it with the source of China University of science and technology

[archlinuxcn]Server = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archlinuxcn/$arch

Press Esc to enter: wq save exit

After exiting, update the newly added content

pacman -Syyu

OK, enter reboot to restart!

5. Enter desktop configuration

After entering the desktop, open the konsol terminal for operation

Install the necessary plug-ins:

  • ntfs-3g installation:

    sudo pacman -S ntfs-3g
    
  • Install open source fonts

    sudo pacman -S adobe-source-han-serif-cn-fonts wqy-zenhei
    
    sudo pacman -S noto-fonts noto-fonts-cjk noto-fonts-emoji noto-fonts-extra
    
  • Install the basic environment (required by yay command)

    sudo pacman -S git base-devel
    
  • Install Chrome

    sudo pacman -S archlinuxcn-keyring
    
    sudo pacman -S google-chrome
    

Set the system to Chinese

Find System Settings on the Startup menu and start it, click Regional Settings, and click Add languages in the Language column Button, pull it to the bottom to find simplified Chinese, click Add, pull it to the top, and click Apply to finish

Then the font file under Windows msyh ttf,msyhbd.ttf,simhei. Copy TTF to / usr/share/fonts /

Create default directory: XDG user dirs update

Log out log in again to see the effect

6. Configure Chinese input method

Install fcitx IME

sudo pacman -S fcitx5-im

Install the Chinese input package provided by fcitx

sudo pacman -S fcitx5-chinese-addons

Install theme skin

sudo pacman -S fcitx5-material-color

Configuration: enter system settings, click regional settings, click input method, click Run Fcitx, click add input method, Find Pinyin in the list box and click add, then click the configuration button next to Pinyin, check to display pre edited text in the program, check to enable cloud Pinyin, and return to the input method configuration page

Click Configure add ons, Find the Classic User Interface in the "interface" list, click the setting icon button next to it, and select material color blue (according to personal preferences) in the theme drop-down list

Set the environment variable so that other programs can also use this Chinese input method

vim ~/.pam_environment

Input:

INPUT_METHOD DEFAULT=fcitx5
GTK_IM_MODULE DEFAULT=fcitx5
QT_IM_MODULE DEFAULT=fcitx5
XMODIFIERS DEFAULT=\@im=fcitx5

Press Esc to enter: wq save exit

Next, set the input method startup:

Click the system setting in the Startup menu, click Startup and shutdown, find the automatic startup, click add program, enter fcitx, click fcitx 5, click OK to exit, and then Log out again to see the effect

OK, press Ctrl + space to switch the input method

4. Install the graphics card driver

Intel Core graphics card

sudo pacman -S xf86-video-intel mesa lib32-mesa vulkan-intel lib32-vulkan-intel

Warning: installing xf86 video Intel to run screen recording software on some machines will flash back. If flash back occurs, do not install it

NVIDIA independent graphics card

sudo pacman -S nvidia nvidia-settings nvidia-utils lib32-nvidia-utils opencl-nvidia lib32-opencl-nvidia

If it is an old card from GeForce630 to GeForce400 series, install nvidia-390xx-dkms (AUR) and its 32-bit support package in the above package except that NVIDIA is not installed

yay -S nvidia-390xx-dkms nvidia-390xx-utils lib32-nvidia-390xx-utils

The older graphics card can directly use the open source driver:

sudo pacman -S mesa lib32-mesa xf86-video-nouveau

If it is an Intel Core display + Nvidia independent display notebook, in addition to the above package, install options manager to easily switch between the core graphics card and the independent graphics card

yay -S optimus-manager optimus-manager-qt

Configuration required before you switch the graphics card mode:

  • The modeset options of I card and N card are unchecked
  • Before switching to intel Core display mode, you need to select intel instead of mode settings mode, otherwise the screen will be black + mixed and cannot be turned on
  • The three environment variables added in hybird mode must be removed before switching to other modes, otherwise the screen will be black and intel cannot be switched

5. Install yay source

Directly enter the following command under konsol to install:

sudo pacman -S yay-git

6. Use flatpak to install the software

Using flatpak to install software can solve the dependency problem. If you don't have this requirement, you can also not install it

Directly enter the following command under konsol to install:

sudo pacman -S 

Can go Flathub Download the software library reference from the official website, and then install the software at the terminal with the following command:

sudo flatpak install packagename.flatpakref

Uninstall software, such as WPS:

sudo flatpak uninstall com.wps.Office

Keywords: Linux ArchLinux kde

Added by adams0423 on Mon, 31 Jan 2022 07:04:59 +0200