As we all know, Http protocol is a browser to server communication protocol based on Tcp protocol. Its basic principle is also to communicate through socket.
When using HTTP protocol for communication, it is necessary to note that there is no problem with the format of the response message returned.
The response message consists of four parts: response line, response header, blank line and response body. Each data must be separated by / r/n.
Blank line is the necessary data to distinguish response header and response body, which cannot be omitted.
The main development ideas of HTTP static Web server are as follows:
1. Import socket module
2. Create socket object
3. Set port multiplexing to solve port blocking problem
4. Bind port and IP. After binding port and IP, client can only send request message to server through bound IP and port.
5. Set monitoring,
Note: after the monitoring is set successfully, the original socket becomes a passive socket and cannot receive or send data.
6. Wait for client (browser) link (send request)
7. Send and receive data using the new socket returned after the link is successful.
Note: the data returned here should be HTTP response message.
1 # 1.Import module 2 import socket 3 4 5 def main(): 6 # 2.Establish socket object 7 server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) 9 # 3.Set up port multiplexing 10 server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, True) 11 # 4.Binding port 12 server_socket.bind(('', 8001)) 13 # 5.Set up monitoring 14 server_socket.listen(128) 15 # Set cyclic receiving client connection to realize multi client connection 16 while True: 17 # 6.Receive client connection 18 client_socket, ip_port = server_socket.accept() 19 print("Client:%s Online.,The use port is:%s" % ip_port) 20 # 7.receive data 21 recv_data = client_socket.recv(1024).decode('utf-8') 22 if recv_data: 23 # print('The received data is:', recv_data) 24 # Obtain http Specified path in request message 25 # split()Method does not specify parameters, the default is blank characters(\t,\n,Space) split 26 # After the obtained path information is divided, three parts will be stored in the list 27 # 1.How to submit the request: GET/POST 28 # 2.Request path information and parameter information 29 # 3.HTTP Agreement and version 30 page_recv_data = recv_data.split()[1] 31 print('The requested resource path is:', page_recv_data) 32 # Judge whether the received path information contains parameters 33 # HTTP In the protocol, the parameter format is:/index.html?name=666&age=12 34 if '?' in page_recv_data: 35 real_recv_page = page_recv_data.split('?')[0] 36 else: 37 real_recv_page = page_recv_data 38 try: 39 # 8.send data 40 41 # Receive the specified path information and read the file information 42 # Be careful f-string Only 3.6 And above 43 data = f'static{real_recv_page}' 44 print(data) 45 with open(data, 'rb') as file: 46 page_data = file.read() 47 except Exception as e: 48 # 8.1 Write when file does not exist HTTP The form of agreement is as follows: 49 http_line = 'HTTP/1.1 / 404 NOT FOUND\r\n' 50 http_header = 'Server: PWS/1.0\r\n' 51 http_body = '<h1>Page Not Found!</h1>' 52 send_data = (http_line + http_header + '\r\n' + http_body).encode() 53 client_socket.send(send_data) 54 else: 55 # 8.1 Write when file exists HTTP The form of agreement is as follows: 56 http_line = 'HTTP/1.1 / 200 ok\r\n' 57 http_header = 'Server: PWS/1.0\r\n' 58 send_data = (http_line + http_header + '\r\n').encode() + page_data 59 client_socket.send(send_data) 60 finally: 61 # Disconnect from client 62 client_socket.close() 63 else: 64 print('Client:%s，Port number:%s Offline.' % ip_port) 65 break 66 67 # 9.Close socket 68 # Shut down the server 69 # server_socket.close() 70 71 72 # Entrance 73 if __name__ == '__main__': 74 main()