catalogue
3. Prepare nginx.conf configuration file ,
3. Prepare php.ini, php-fpm.conf and www.conf configuration files
1, Project simulation
1. Project environment
in the actual production environment, the company needs to use Docker technology to create LNMP service on one host and run Wordpress website platform. Then perform performance tuning and management work related to this service.
Download all installation packages:
wget http://101.34.22.188/lnmp_wordpress/mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz wget http://101.34.22.188/lnmp_wordpress/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz wget http://101.34.22.188/lnmp_wordpress/php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 wget http://101.34.22.188/lnmp_wordpress/wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz > perhaps wget -r -np http://101.34.22.188/lnmp_wordpress/
2. Server environment
| container | operating system | IP address | Main software |
| nginx | CentOS 7.9 x86_64 | 172.111.0.10 | Docker-Nginx |
| mysql | CentOS 7.9 x86_64 | 172.111.0.20 | Docker-Mysql |
| php | CentOS 7.9 x86_64 | 172.111.0.30 | Docker-php |
3. Task requirements
(1) Use Docker to build LNMP environment and run Wordpress website platform.
(2) Limit the Nginx container to 500MB of memory and 1G B of Swap.
(3) Limit the Mysql container to write / dev/sda at a rate of 10 MB/s.
(4) Take a snapshot of all containers, then package the Docker image into a tar package and back up locally.
2, Linux system basic image
[root@docker ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld [root@docker ~]# setenforce 0 setenforce: SELinux is disabled [root@docker ~]# docker pull centos:7 #Download CentOS 7 from the public warehouse as the basic system image [root@docker ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE centos 7 eeb6ee3f44bd 4 weeks ago 204MB
3, Nginx
1. Create working directory
[root@docker ~]# mkdir /opt/nginx [root@docker ~]# cd /opt/nginx [root@docker nginx]# rz -E rz waiting to receive. #Upload nginx installation package nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz [root@docker nginx]# rz -E rz waiting to receive. #Upload WordPress service package wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
2. Write Dockerfile script
[root@docker nginx]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER this is nginx image <lnmp> RUN yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx ADD nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz /usr/local/src/ WORKDIR /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.0 RUN ./configure \ --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ --user=nginx \ --group=nginx \ --with-http_stub_status_module;make -j 4 && make install ENV PATH /usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH ADD nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/ ADD wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz /usr/local/nginx/html RUN chmod 777 -R /usr/local/nginx/html/ EXPOSE 80 VOLUME [ "/usr/local/nginx/html/" ] CMD [ "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx","-g","daemon off;" ]
3. Prepare nginx.conf configuration file ,
[root@docker nginx]# ls
Dockerfile nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz nginx.conf wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
[root@docker nginx]# egrep -v "^(.)*#(.)*$" nginx.conf | grep -v "^$"
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
charset utf-8;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.php;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 172.111.0.30:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
}
4. Generate image
[root@docker nginx]# docker build -t nginx:lnmp . [root@docker nginx]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx lnmp 35a6404fcfa1 5 seconds ago 522MB centos 7 eeb6ee3f44bd 4 weeks ago 204MB
5. Create custom network
[root@docker nginx]# docker network create --subnet=172.111.0.0/16 --opt "com.docker.network.bridge.name"="docker1" mynetwork
0cbe1bd0bd782bf1c8e69916d99427970196de22deb312f970e01030406d9b45
[root@docker nginx]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID NAME DRIVER SCOPE
dd7a55d01f86 bridge bridge local
63ddf1e359e9 host host local
0cbe1bd0bd78 mynetwork bridge local
a4b66a8a6cd2 none null local
[root@docker nginx]# ifconfig docker1
docker1: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.111.0.1 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.111.255.255
ether 02:42:40:dc:e8:1d txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
6. Start the mirror container
[root@docker nginx]# docker run -d --name nginx -p 80:80 -m 500m --memory-swap 1g --net mynetwork --ip 172.111.0.10 nginx:lnmp
57616d4ea225c82a50b731472b003dabfd681e8dc6c6ef85a9bb2f665354334b
[root@docker nginx]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
57616d4ea225 nginx:lnmp "/usr/local/nginx/sb..." 13 seconds ago Up 12 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp nginx
[root@docker nginx]# docker inspect nginx
······
"IPv4Address": "172.111.0.10"
······
7. Verify nginx
[root@docker nginx]# curl http://192.168.122.10:80
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
4, Mysql
1, Create working directory
[root@docker nginx]# mkdir /opt/mysql [root@docker nginx]# cd /opt/mysql/ [root@docker mysql]# rz -E rz waiting to receive. #Pass in MySQL installation package mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
2. Write Dockerfile script
[root@docker mysql]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER this is mysql image <lnmp> RUN yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql ADD mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz /usr/local/src/ WORKDIR /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.20/ RUN cmake \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \ -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \ -DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \ -DWITH_BOOST=boost \ -DWITH_SYSTEMD=1;make -j4;make install ADD my.cnf /etc/my.cnf EXPOSE 3306 RUN chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/;chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf WORKDIR /usr/local/mysql/bin/ RUN ./mysqld \ --initialize-insecure \ --user=mysql \ --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data;cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/;systemctl enable mysqld ENV PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH VOLUME [ "/usr/local/mysql" ] CMD ["/usr/sbin/init"]
3. Prepare my.cnf file
[root@docker mysql]# vim my.cnf [client] port = 3306 socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock [mysqld] user = mysql basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data port = 3306 character-set-server=utf8 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock bind-address = 0.0.0.0 skip-name-resolve max_connections=2048 default-storage-engine=INNODB max_allowed_packet=16M server-id = 1 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
4. Generate image
[root@docker mysql]# docker build -t mysql:lnmp . [root@docker mysql]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE mysql lnmp 49da8f7299af 3 minutes ago 9.98GB nginx lnmp 35a6404fcfa1 17 minutes ago 522MB centos 7 eeb6ee3f44bd 4 weeks ago 204MB
5. Start the mirror container
[root@docker mysql]# docker run --name=mysql -d --privileged --device-write-bps /dev/sda:10M -v /usr/local/mysql --net mynetwork --ip 172.111.0.20 mysql:lnmp ebafbdc1c4dcfc49406a7db8ee5a2afc54f5b4203d11ad374dba885ec4ef5afd [root@docker mysql]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES ebafbdc1c4dc mysql:lnmp "/usr/sbin/init" 11 seconds ago Up 10 seconds 3306/tcp mysql 57616d4ea225 nginx:lnmp "/usr/local/nginx/sb..." 17 minutes ago Up 17 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp nginx
6. Validate mysql
[root@docker mysql]# docker exec -it mysql bash [root@ebafbdc1c4dc bin]# systemctl status mysqld ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: activating (start) since Sun 2021-10-17 05:54:59 UTC; 42s ago ······
5, PH p
1. Create working directory
[root@docker mysql]# mkdir ../php [root@docker mysql]# cd ../php/ [root@docker php]# rz -E rz waiting to receive. #Pass in the PHP installation package php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
2, Script Dockerfile
[root@docker php]# vim Dockerfile FROM centos:7 MAINTAINER this is php image <lnmp> RUN yum install -y gd \ libjpeg libjpeg-devel \ libpng libpng-devel \ freetype freetype-devel \ libxml2 libxml2-devel \ zlib zlib-devel \ curl curl-devel \ openssl openssl-devel \ gcc gcc-c++ make pcre-devel;useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx ADD php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 /usr/local/src/ WORKDIR /usr/local/src/php-7.1.10 RUN ./configure \ --prefix=/usr/local/php \ --with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \ --with-mysqli \ --with-zlib \ --with-curl \ --with-gd \ --with-jpeg-dir \ --with-png-dir \ --with-freetype-dir \ --with-openssl \ --enable-fpm \ --enable-mbstring \ --enable-xml \ --enable-session \ --enable-ftp \ --enable-pdo \ --enable-tokenizer \ --enable-zip ; make -j 4 ; make install ENV PATH /usr/local/php/bin:/usr/local/php/sbin:$PATH ADD php.ini /usr/local/php/lib/ ADD php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/ ADD www.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/ EXPOSE 9000 CMD /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -F
3. Prepare php.ini, php-fpm.conf and www.conf configuration files
After installing php from another machine, the scp configuration file is to the container host and modified
3.1 php.ini
The profile template is located in the php-7.1.10/php.ini-development location of the installation directory
[root@docker php]# vim php.ini #Line 939, uncomment, modify date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai #Line 1170, modify mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock [root@docker php]# egrep -v "^;" php.ini | egrep -v "^$" [PHP] engine = On short_open_tag = Off precision = 14 output_buffering = 4096 zlib.output_compression = Off implicit_flush = Off unserialize_callback_func = serialize_precision = -1 disable_functions = disable_classes = zend.enable_gc = On expose_php = On max_execution_time = 30 max_input_time = 60 memory_limit = 128M error_reporting = E_ALL display_errors = On display_startup_errors = On log_errors = On log_errors_max_len = 1024 ignore_repeated_errors = Off ignore_repeated_source = Off report_memleaks = On track_errors = On html_errors = On variables_order = "GPCS" request_order = "GP" register_argc_argv = Off auto_globals_jit = On post_max_size = 8M auto_prepend_file = auto_append_file = default_mimetype = "text/html" default_charset = "UTF-8" doc_root = user_dir = enable_dl = Off file_uploads = On upload_max_filesize = 2M max_file_uploads = 20 allow_url_fopen = On allow_url_include = Off default_socket_timeout = 60 [CLI Server] cli_server.color = On [Date] date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai [filter] [iconv] [intl] [sqlite3] [Pcre] [Pdo] [Pdo_mysql] pdo_mysql.cache_size = 2000 pdo_mysql.default_socket= [Phar] [mail function] SMTP = localhost smtp_port = 25 mail.add_x_header = On [SQL] sql.safe_mode = Off [ODBC] odbc.allow_persistent = On odbc.check_persistent = On odbc.max_persistent = -1 odbc.max_links = -1 odbc.defaultlrl = 4096 odbc.defaultbinmode = 1 [Interbase] ibase.allow_persistent = 1 ibase.max_persistent = -1 ibase.max_links = -1 ibase.timestampformat = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" ibase.dateformat = "%Y-%m-%d" ibase.timeformat = "%H:%M:%S" [MySQLi] mysqli.max_persistent = -1 mysqli.allow_persistent = On mysqli.max_links = -1 mysqli.cache_size = 2000 mysqli.default_port = 3306 mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock mysqli.default_host = mysqli.default_user = mysqli.default_pw = mysqli.reconnect = Off [mysqlnd] mysqlnd.collect_statistics = On mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics = On [OCI8] [PostgreSQL] pgsql.allow_persistent = On pgsql.auto_reset_persistent = Off pgsql.max_persistent = -1 pgsql.max_links = -1 pgsql.ignore_notice = 0 pgsql.log_notice = 0 [bcmath] bcmath.scale = 0 [browscap] [Session] session.save_handler = files session.use_strict_mode = 0 session.use_cookies = 1 session.use_only_cookies = 1 session.name = PHPSESSID session.auto_start = 0 session.cookie_lifetime = 0 session.cookie_path = / session.cookie_domain = session.cookie_httponly = session.serialize_handler = php session.gc_probability = 1 session.gc_divisor = 1000 session.gc_maxlifetime = 1440 session.referer_check = session.cache_limiter = nocache session.cache_expire = 180 session.use_trans_sid = 0 session.sid_length = 26 session.trans_sid_tags = "a=href,area=href,frame=src,form=" session.sid_bits_per_character = 5 [Assertion] zend.assertions = 1 [COM] [mbstring] [gd] [exif] [Tidy] tidy.clean_output = Off [soap] soap.wsdl_cache_enabled=1 soap.wsdl_cache_dir="/tmp" soap.wsdl_cache_ttl=86400 soap.wsdl_cache_limit = 5 [sysvshm] [ldap] ldap.max_links = -1 [mcrypt] [dba] [opcache] [curl] [openssl]
3.2 php-fpm.conf
The configuration file is located in / usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default
[root@docker php]# vim php-fpm.conf #Line 17, delete the comment symbol ";" pid = run/php-fpm.pid [root@docker php]# egrep -v "^;" php-fpm.conf | egrep -v "^$" [global] pid = run/php-fpm.pid include=/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
3.3 www.conf
The configuration file is located in usr / local / PHP / etc / PHP FPM. D / www.conf.default
[root@docker php]# vim www.conf #Lines 23 and 24, modify users and groups user = nginx group = nginx #Line 36, modify the listening IP and port to container IP:9000 port listen = 172.111.0.30:9000 [root@docker php]# egrep -v "^;" www.conf | egrep -v "^$" [www] user = nginx group = nginx listen = 172.111.0.30:9000 pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 5 pm.start_servers = 2 pm.min_spare_servers = 1 pm.max_spare_servers = 3
4, Generate image
[root@docker php]# docker build -t php:lnmp . [root@docker php]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE php lnmp 985842f961f1 About a minute ago 1.2GB mysql lnmp 49da8f7299af 12 minutes ago 9.98GB nginx lnmp 35a6404fcfa1 26 minutes ago 522MB centos 7 eeb6ee3f44bd 4 weeks ago 204MB
5. Start the mirror container
[root@docker php]# docker run -itd --name php --net mynetwork --ip 172.111.0.30 -p 9000:9000 --volumes-from nginx --volumes-from mysql php:lnmp 954d8ecdd6c7d47270fe15ce4ad6db9c4a5396f42f9d111315ecee69358a9566 [root@docker php]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 954d8ecdd6c7 php:lnmp "/bin/sh -c '/usr/lo..." 15 seconds ago Up 14 seconds 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp, :::9000->9000/tcp php ebafbdc1c4dc mysql:lnmp "/usr/sbin/init" 8 minutes ago Up 8 minutes 3306/tcp mysql 57616d4ea225 nginx:lnmp "/usr/local/nginx/sb..." 26 minutes ago Up 26 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp nginx
6. Validate php
[root@docker php]# docker exec -it php bash [root@954d8ecdd6c7 php-7.1.10]# ps -aux USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 0.0 113028 9536 pts/0 Ss+ 06:00 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf) nginx 7 0.0 0.0 113028 5780 pts/0 S+ 06:00 0:00 php-fpm: pool www nginx 8 0.0 0.0 113028 5784 pts/0 S+ 06:00 0:00 php-fpm: pool www root 9 0.2 0.0 11828 1888 pts/1 Ss 06:01 0:00 bash root 23 0.0 0.0 51732 1728 pts/1 R+ 06:01 0:00 ps -aux
6, Start wordpress service
1. mysql authorization
[root@ebafbdc1c4dc bin]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: #Initial password is empty mysql> create database wordpress; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> grant all privileges on wordpress.* to 'wordpress'@'%' identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
2. Browser access test
visit http://192.168.122.10/wordpress/index.php
3. Backup mirror to local
[root@docker php]# mkdir /opt/lnmp_images [root@docker php]# cd /opt/lnmp_images/ [root@docker lnmp_images]# docker save -o nginx.tar nginx:lnmp [root@docker lnmp_images]# docker save -o mysql.tar mysql:lnmp [root@docker lnmp_images]# docker save -o php.tar php:lnmp