Primary directory

Secondary directory

Tertiary directory

1, Installation

1. Remove Docker from the system

sudo yum remove docker \
                  docker-client \
                  docker-client-latest \
                  docker-common \
                  docker-latest \
                  docker-latest-logrotate \
                  docker-logrotate \
                  docker-engine

2. Configure yum source

sudo yum install -y yum-utils
sudo yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

3. Install docker

sudo yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
# Docker CE is a docker server
# Docker CE cli is a docker command tool
# containerd.io is a Docker environment

# Install other versions
yum install -y docker-ce-20.10.7 docker-ce-cli-20.10.7  containerd.io-1.4.6

4. Start and start

systemctl enable docker --now

5. Configure accelerated mirroring

# Create path
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker 
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://82m9ar63.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
  "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
  "log-driver": "json-file",
  "log-opts": {
    "max-size": "100m"
  },
  "storage-driver": "overlay2"
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
# restart
sudo systemctl restart docker

2, Docker use command

1. Mirror operation command

(1) , search: Docker Hub official website
(2) . Download: docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST]
Note: use the command plus -- help to view the detailed description of the command, for example: docker pull --help

# For example, download the latest version of nginx
docker pull nginx

# For example, download the specified version of nginx
docker pull nginx:1.20.1

(3) . view the downloaded image: docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

# View all downloaded images
docker images

(4) . delete image: docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]

# Delete nginx image
docker rmi nginx

2. Container operation command

(1) , create and start container: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

docker run --name=nginx -d --restart=always -p 88:80 nginx
# --Name: the name of the startup container
# -d: Background operation
# -P 88:80 map the container internal port 80 to the server 88 port
# --restart=always: start automatically

Description of common OPTIONS	effect
–name	The name of the startup container
-d	Background operation
–restart=always	Start and start automatically
-p 88:80	Map container internal port 80 to server port 88

Access after startup http://139.198.42.140:88/ , if it is an ECS, you need to open port 88 in the security group

(2) . viewing container: docker ps [OPTIONS]

# View running containers
docker ps

Description of common OPTIONS	effect
-a	View all containers (non running containers are not displayed by default)
-n	View the last n containers started
-l	View the last container started

(3) . stop container: docker stop [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

# First check the container name or container ID with docker ps
docker stop Container name or container ID
#Restart
docker start Container name or container ID

(4) . delete container: docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

# Delete stopped containers
docker rm Container name or container ID
# Force deletion of running
docker rm -f Container name or container ID

(5) Modify the parameters of the created container: docker update [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...], Some parameters cannot be modified: for example, - p and - v

#Modify -- restart
docker update Container name or container ID --restart=no

3. Enter the container to modify the file

docker exec -it Container name or container ID  /bin/bash

Take nginx as an example. You can see the page path of nginx in Docker Hub: / usr/share/nginx/html. Enter the container and modify / usr/share/nginx/html / index HTML, you can see the changes after you brush the page.

4. Create a new image from the container

docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

Description of common OPTIONS	effect
-a	Submitted by
-m	Submission instructions
-p	Pause container on commit

docker commit -a "wg"  -m "Modify home page" f826b3307fe4 mynginx:1.0

5. Share mirror to another host

(1) Package, transfer, decompress and package the image: docker save - O mynginx Tar mynginx: 1.0, transfer the compressed package to other hosts and decompress the image: docker load - I mynginx tar.
(2) Upload the local image to the image warehouse (log in to the image warehouse first):
  a. in Docker Hub official website Register an account with the user name studydocker88 and create a warehouse named mynginx;
  b. docker login enter the user name and password to log in;
  c. docker tag mynginx:1.0 studydocker88/mynginx:1.0 mark the local image mynginx:1.0 and put it into the myimages warehouse;
  d. docker push studydocker88/mynginx:1.0, push the image to the remote warehouse;
  e. other hosts can pull images: docker pull studydocker88/mynginx:1.0;
   g. then create the container and start: docker run -d -p 99:80 studydocker88/mynginx:1.0. Open port 99.

6. Container and host file mount

Note: the command is too long. You can wrap with "\"

docker run --name=nginx -d --restart=always \
-p 88:80 -v /data/html:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx

Visit now http://139.198.42.140:88/

The reason is that there is no page under the mounting path. Create an index.html under the host path / data/html HTML, as follows:

<h1>Study Docker</h1>

Then visit again

7. Get metadata of container or image

docker inspect [OPTIONS] NAME|ID [NAME|ID...]

8. View container log

docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

Description of common OPTIONS	effect
-f	Trace log output
–since	Show all logs for a start time
-t	presentation time stamp
–tail	Only the latest N container logs are listed

9. Data copy between container and host

nginx copy container data to host

docker cp 5eff66eec7e1:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf  /data/conf/nginx.conf
# 5eff66eec7e1 is the container ID

nginx copy host data to container

ocker cp  /data/conf/nginx.conf  5eff66eec7e1:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# 5eff66eec7e1 is the container ID