zhuanzaidizhi: https://www.qiansw.com/yum-lnmp.html
To demonstrate the simplicity of using linux, all the applications used in this article are installed using yum.
Install CentOS System
This article assumes that you have the ability to install the CentOS system and will not explain the installation process.
The operating system used in this article is CentOS 6 x86_64.
Connect Using ssh client
After the system is installed, we use the ifconfig command to view the IP of the system. The IP address of the system used in this paper is 192.168.6.141.
xshell is recommended as an ssh client and is free for individuals and schools.
After entering the ip address, username and password, you can successfully connect to the CentOS system remotely.
Install common tools
Install commonly used tools directly using yum.
yum install -y vim
Turn off SELINUX
SELinux(Security-Enhanced Linux) is the implementation of mandatory access control by the National Security Agency (NSA), and is the most outstanding new security subsystem in Linux history.
SELinux is a complex configuration and to avoid its impact, it is recommended that novices turn it off directly.
Use sed to modify its configuration file, and when the modification is complete, restarting the system will no longer enable SELinux:
sed -i '/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
Temporarily (without restart) turn off SELinux:
setenforce 0
Configure or close iptables
iptables are not explained in this article and will be turned off directly.
You can execute iptables-L to compare before and after executing the following commands.
#Empty iptables rule iptables -F #Preservation service iptables save
Install Nginx
The default repository for CentOS 6 does not contain nginx, so we can manually add the repository for nginx.
Visit nginx's website to get repo files
We need to visit the official website of nginx first to get the official warehouse address.
Click here to access the official nginx documentation.
According to the instructions in the document, the final repo file should be the following so that you can copy it directly.
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
Save the above configuration in the / etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo file using vim.
Install nginx
Once the warehouse is installed, nginx can be installed directly using yum.
yum install -y nginx
start nginx
Execute service nginx start to start nginx.
After successful startup, execute netstat-tunlp|grep 80 to see that nginx has started listening on port 80.
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tunlp|grep 80 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1881/nginx
And by accessing the server's ip address directly through the browser, you can see that a welcome page for nginx has appeared.
Set nginx to Start Up
Execute chkconfig nginx on to set nginx to boot.
Install MySQL
The default repository for CentOS 6 contains MySQL directly and MySQL Server can be installed directly from yum.
yum install -y mysql mysql-server
The MySQL service name is mysqld, and we can start the MySQL service with the following command.
service mysqld start
Like nginx, use the following command to add mysqld to the startup task.
chkconfig mysqld on
After successful startup, execute netstat-tunlp|grep 3306 to see that mysqld has started listening on port 3306.
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tunlp|grep 3306 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2094/mysqld
You can also connect to the MySQL server through the MySQL client.
[root@localhost ~]# mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
Install PHP
The CentOS default repository contains the php suite, which we can install using yum directly.
The following is a minimal installation, and we use php-fpm to resolve php.
yum install -y php-cli php-fpm
You can view other PHP extensions at any time using yum list php-*, below are all the extensions included in the default repository.
[root@localhost ~]# yum list php-* Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.sina.cn * extras: mirrors.sina.cn * updates: mirrors.sina.cn Installed Packages php-cli.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 @updates php-common.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 @updates php-fpm.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 @updates Available Packages php.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-bcmath.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-dba.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-devel.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-embedded.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-enchant.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-gd.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-imap.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-intl.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-ldap.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-mbstring.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-mysql.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-odbc.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-pdo.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-pear.noarch 1:1.9.4-5.el6 base php-pecl-apc.x86_64 3.1.9-2.el6 base php-pecl-apc-devel.i686 3.1.9-2.el6 base php-pecl-apc-devel.x86_64 3.1.9-2.el6 base php-pecl-memcache.x86_64 3.0.5-4.el6 base php-pgsql.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-process.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-pspell.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-recode.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-snmp.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-soap.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-tidy.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-xml.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-xmlrpc.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates php-zts.x86_64 5.3.3-48.el6_8 updates
Similarly, we need to set php-fpm to boot up.
chkconfig php-fpm on service php-fpm start
After booting, we can see that php-fpm has started listening on port 9000 through the netstat-tunlp|grep 9000 command.
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tunlp|grep 9000 tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2147/php-fpm
Configure nginx to support php programs
Next we demonstrate how to deploy the content of a web service.
Create web directories and files
Let's assume the web directory is/var/www and create and enter it.
mkdir /var/www cd /var/www
We'll create two new files, an html file and a php file, which we'll see later.
The content of a.html is:
<h1>Hello World</h1>
b.php is:
<?php phpinfo(); // All PHP information will be printed out ?>
Changing nginx configuration
We use VIM to open the configuration file vim/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf for the first site of nginx.
Change the root of line 9 to the directory we specified.
modify
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
Change to
location / {
root /var/www;
index index.html index.htm;
}
Remove comments on lines 30-36 to support php files, and also modify the root and fastcgi_param options to specify our working directory.
modify
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
Change to
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/www;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
After saving, perform service nginx reload to reload the nginx configuration.
At this point, we can directly access the file we just created through the browser.
epilogue
The above is a simple installation and configuration of lnmp, which can already parse php programs.In production environments, various changes are often made to their configuration files, and their performance has been optimized.
For example, php's session directory may default to a variety of issues such as lack of write permissions, changes in the number of connections to nginx, and so on.
Once you are familiar with the simple installation of lnmp, you can continue to gain insight and learn to manually compile a specified version of the nginx, php, or mysql service.