JAVA WEB1 - initial Java Web
JavaWeb mainly refers to the general term of dynamic Web resource development technology using Java language. It is the sum of technologies to solve the related Web and Internet fields
1. Http protocol
- HTTP protocol (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is an application layer protocol developed by W3C (World Wide Web Consortium). It is used to standardize the data format of how to communicate between browser and web server, mainly involving the request format of browser and the response format of server
- HTTP protocol is usually hosted on TCP protocol, and the protocol hosted on TLS or SSL protocol layer is often referred to as HTTPS protocol
- The default port number of HTTP is 80 and that of HTTPS is 443
1.1. Http request format
Request line The version of the path protocol requested by the request type(1.1) Request header Browser related information of host request length request Blank line ((one blank line) Request body Also called request data, you can add any other data
POST /task01_demo01/demo1.html HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost:8088 Content-Length: 21 Cache-Control: max-age=0 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) name=scott&pwd=123456
1.2 Http response data
Response line Version of the agreement(1.0 1.1) Status code (200 Success 404 path error 500 service error) status information Response header Describes some additional information to be used by the client, including the format( key:value) Blank line ((one blank line) Responder Text information returned by the server to the client
2,Tomcat
2.1. Download
Tomcat official website https://tomcat.apache.org/download-90.cgi
Tomcat Baidu cloud: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1iEEptTiPXPLls3wBpSUg1g Extraction code: gv2h
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Unzip to the directory where you want to install
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Add environment variable
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Add CATALINA_BASE variable
CATALINA_BASE D:\apache-tomcat-9.0.31
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Add CATALINA_HOME variable
CATALINA_HOME D:\apache-tomcat-9.0.31
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Add to PATH variable
%CATALINA_HOME%\bin;%CATALINA_HOME%\lib
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2.2 unloading
Delete the directory and the variable
2.3 startup
Double click Run
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2.4 problems
2.4.1 garbled code
Open profile
apache-tomcat-9.0.31\conf\logging.properties
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Modify configuration
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
# contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
# the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
handlers = 1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, 2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, 3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, 4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
.handlers = 1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler, java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler
############################################################
# Handler specific properties.
# Describes specific configuration info for Handlers.
############################################################
1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.level = FINE
1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.prefix = catalina.
1catalina.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.encoding = UTF-8
2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.level = FINE
2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.prefix = localhost.
2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.encoding = UTF-8
3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.level = FINE
3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.prefix = manager.
3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.encoding = UTF-8
4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.level = FINE
4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.directory = ${catalina.base}/logs
4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.prefix = host-manager.
4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler.encoding = UTF-8
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.level = FINE
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.formatter = org.apache.juli.OneLineFormatter
java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler.encoding = GBK
############################################################
# Facility specific properties.
# Provides extra control for each logger.
############################################################
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].level = INFO
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].handlers = 2localhost.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager].level = INFO
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/manager].handlers = 3manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/host-manager].level = INFO
org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.[Catalina].[localhost].[/host-manager].handlers = 4host-manager.org.apache.juli.AsyncFileHandler
# For example, set the org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase logger to log
# each component that extends LifecycleBase changing state:
#org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.level = FINE
# To see debug messages in TldLocationsCache, uncomment the following line:
#org.apache.jasper.compiler.TldLocationsCache.level = FINE
# To see debug messages for HTTP/2 handling, uncomment the following line:
#org.apache.coyote.http2.level = FINE
# To see debug messages for WebSocket handling, uncomment the following line:
#org.apache.tomcat.websocket.level = FINE
2.4.2 the black window flashed past
Java is not configured correctly_ Home environment variable
2.5 startup error
2.5.1 violence
Find the occupied port number, find the corresponding process, and kill the process
netstat -ano
2.5.2 gentleness: modify your own port number
Enter conf / server xml
<Connector port="8888" protocol="HTTP/1.1" onnectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8445" />
Generally, the default port number of tomcat is modified to 80. 80 port number is the default port number of http protocol. You don't need to enter the port number when accessing