MySQL date and time functions

name	describe
ADDDATE()	Add time value (interval) to date value
ADDTIME()	Overtime
CONVERT_TZ()	Transition from one time zone to another
CURDATE()	Returns the current date
CURRENT_DATE(), CURRENT_DATE	Synonym for CURDATE()
CURRENT_TIME(), CURRENT_TIME	A synonym for CURTIME()
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP(), CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	Synonyms for the present
CURTIME()	Returns the current time
DATE()	Extracts the date part of a date or datetime expression
DATE_ADD()	Add time value (interval) to date value
DATE_FORMAT()	Sets the date in the specified format
DATE_SUB()	Subtract time value from date (interval)
DATEDIFF()	Minus two dates
DAY()	Synonym for DAYOFMONTH()
DAYNAME()	Returns the name of the working day
DAYOFMONTH()	Return the date of the current month (0-31)
DAYOFWEEK()	Returns the working day index of the parameter
DAYOFYEAR()	Returns a day of the year (1-366)
EXTRACT()	Part of the extraction date
FROM_DAYS()	Convert days to dates
FROM_UNIXTIME()	Format Unix timestamp as date
GET_FORMAT()	Return date format string
HOUR()	Spare time
LAST_DAY	Returns the last day of the current month for this parameter
LOCALTIME(), LOCALTIME	Synonyms for the present
LOCALTIMESTAMP, LOCALTIMESTAMP()	Synonyms for the present
MAKEDATE()	Create date from year and date
MAKETIME()	Create time from hours, minutes, seconds
MICROSECOND()	Microseconds returned from parameters
MINUTE()	Returns the number of minutes for the debate
MONTH()	Returns the month from the past date
MONTHNAME()	Returns the name of the month
NOW()	Returns the current date and time
PERIOD_ADD()	Add period to year month
PERIOD_DIFF()	Returns the number of months between periods
QUARTER()	Return quarter from date parameter
SEC_TO_TIME()	Convert seconds to hh:mm:ss format
SECOND()	Return to the second (0-59)
STR_TO_DATE()	Convert string to date
SUBDATE()	When called with three parameters, date_ Synonym for sub()
SUBTIME()	Subtraction times
SYSDATE()	Returns the time the function was executed
TIME()	Extract the elapsed time portion of the expression
TIME_FORMAT()	Format changes over time
TIME_TO_SEC()	Returns a parameter converted to seconds
TIMEDIFF()	Subtracted Time
TIMESTAMP()	Using a single parameter, this function returns a date or datetime expression; For two parameters, the sum of the parameters
TIMESTAMPADD()	Add an interval to a datetime expression
TIMESTAMPDIFF()	Subtract interval from datetime expression
TO_DAYS()	Returns the date parameter converted to days
TO_SECONDS()	Returns the date or datetime parameter converted to seconds from year 0
UNIX_TIMESTAMP()	Return Unix timestamp
UTC_DATE()	Returns the current UTC date
UTC_TIME()	Returns the current UTC time
UTC_TIMESTAMP()	Returns the current UTC date and time
WEEK()	Return weeks
WEEKDAY()	Return working day index
WEEKOFYEAR()	Returns the calendar week of the date (1-53)
YEAR()	Return year
YEARWEEK()	Return year and week

Specifier	Description
%a	Abbreviated weekday name (Sun..Sat)
%b	Abbreviated month name (Jan..Dec)
%c	Month, numeric (0..12)
%D	Day of the month with English suffix (0th, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, ...)
%d	Day of the month, numeric (00..31)
%e	Day of the month, numeric (0..31)
%f	Microseconds (000000..999999)
%H	Hour (00..23)
%h	Hour (01..12)
%I	Hour (01..12)
%i	Minutes, numeric (00..59)
%j	Day of year (001..366)
%k	Hour (0..23)
%l	Hour (1..12)
%M	Month name (January..December)
%m	Month, numeric (00..12)
%p	AM or PM
%r	Time, 12-hour (hh:mm:ss followed by AM or PM)
%S	Seconds (00..59)
%s	Seconds (00..59)
%T	Time, 24-hour (hh:mm:ss)
%U	Week (00..53), where Sunday is the first day of the week; WEEK() mode 0
%u	Week (00..53), where Monday is the first day of the week; WEEK() mode 1
%V	Week (01..53), where Sunday is the first day of the week; WEEK() mode 2; used with %X
%v	Week (01..53), where Monday is the first day of the week; WEEK() mode 3; used with %x
%W	Weekday name (Sunday..Saturday)
%w	Day of the week (0=Sunday..6=Saturday)
%X	Year for the week where Sunday is the first day of the week, numeric, four digits; used with %V
%x	Year for the week, where Monday is the first day of the week, numeric, four digits; used with %v
%Y	Year, numeric, four digits
%y	Year, numeric (two digits)
%%	A literal % character
%x	x, for any "x" not listed above

Function Call	Result
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'USA')	'%m.%d.%Y'
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'JIS')	'%Y-%m-%d'
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'ISO')	'%Y-%m-%d'
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'EUR')	'%d.%m.%Y'
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'INTERNAL')	'%Y%m%d'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'USA')	'%Y-%m-%d %H.%i.%s'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'JIS')	'%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'ISO')	'%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'EUR')	'%Y-%m-%d %H.%i.%s'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'INTERNAL')	'%Y%m%d%H%i%s'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'USA')	'%h:%i:%s %p'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'JIS')	'%H:%i:%s'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'ISO')	'%H:%i:%s'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'EUR')	'%H.%i.%s'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'INTERNAL')	'%H%i%s'

Mode	First day of week	Range	Week 1 is the first week ...
0	Sunday	0-53	with a Sunday in this year
1	Monday	0-53	with 4 or more days this year
2	Sunday	1-53	with a Sunday in this year
3	Monday	1-53	with 4 or more days this year
4	Sunday	0-53	with 4 or more days this year
5	Monday	0-53	with a Monday in this year
6	Sunday	1-53	with 4 or more days this year
7	Monday	1-53	with a Monday in this year

mysql> SELECT DAYOFMONTH('2001-11-00'), MONTH('2005-00-00');
        -> 0, 0

mysql> SELECT DATE_ADD('2006-05-00',INTERVAL 1 DAY);
        -> NULL

mysql> SELECT DAYNAME('2006-05-00');
        -> NULL

mysql> SELECT DATE_ADD('2008-01-02', INTERVAL 31 DAY);
        -> '2008-02-02'

mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('2008-01-02', INTERVAL 31 DAY);
        -> '2008-02-02'
mysql> SELECT ADDDATE('2008-01-02', 31);
        -> '2008-02-02'

mysql> SELECT ADDTIME('2007-12-31 23:59:59.999999', '1 1:1:1.000002');
        -> '2008-01-02 01:01:01.000001'
mysql> SELECT ADDTIME('01:00:00.999999', '02:00:00.999998');
        -> '03:00:01.999997'

mysql> SELECT CONVERT_TZ('2004-01-01 12:00:00','GMT','MET');
        -> '2004-01-01 13:00:00'
mysql> SELECT CONVERT_TZ('2004-01-01 12:00:00','+00:00','+10:00');
        -> '2004-01-01 22:00:00'

mysql> SELECT CURDATE();
        -> '2008-06-13'
mysql> SELECT CURDATE() + 0;
        -> 20080613

mysql> SELECT CURTIME();
        -> '23:50:26'
mysql> SELECT CURTIME() + 0;
        -> 235026.000000

mysql> SELECT DATE('2003-12-31 01:02:03');
        -> '2003-12-31'

mysql> SELECT DATEDIFF('2007-12-31 23:59:59','2007-12-30');
        -> 1
mysql> SELECT DATEDIFF('2010-11-30 23:59:59','2010-12-31');
        -> -31

mysql> SELECT DATE_ADD('2018-05-01',INTERVAL 1 DAY);
        -> '2018-05-02'
mysql> SELECT DATE_SUB('2018-05-01',INTERVAL 1 YEAR);
        -> '2017-05-01'
mysql> SELECT DATE_ADD('2020-12-31 23:59:59',
    ->                 INTERVAL 1 SECOND);
        -> '2021-01-01 00:00:00'
mysql> SELECT DATE_ADD('2018-12-31 23:59:59',
    ->                 INTERVAL 1 DAY);
        -> '2019-01-01 23:59:59'
mysql> SELECT DATE_ADD('2100-12-31 23:59:59',
    ->                 INTERVAL '1:1' MINUTE_SECOND);
        -> '2101-01-01 00:01:00'
mysql> SELECT DATE_SUB('2025-01-01 00:00:00',
    ->                 INTERVAL '1 1:1:1' DAY_SECOND);
        -> '2024-12-30 22:58:59'
mysql> SELECT DATE_ADD('1900-01-01 00:00:00',
    ->                 INTERVAL '-1 10' DAY_HOUR);
        -> '1899-12-30 14:00:00'
mysql> SELECT DATE_SUB('1998-01-02', INTERVAL 31 DAY);
        -> '1997-12-02'
mysql> SELECT DATE_ADD('1992-12-31 23:59:59.000002',
    ->            INTERVAL '1.999999' SECOND_MICROSECOND);
        -> '1993-01-01 00:00:01.000001'

mysql> SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2009-10-04 22:23:00', '%W %M %Y');
        -> 'Sunday October 2009'
mysql> SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2007-10-04 22:23:00', '%H:%i:%s');
        -> '22:23:00'
mysql> SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1900-10-04 22:23:00',
    ->                 '%D %y %a %d %m %b %j');
        -> '4th 00 Thu 04 10 Oct 277'
mysql> SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00',
    ->                 '%H %k %I %r %T %S %w');
        -> '22 22 10 10:23:00 PM 22:23:00 00 6'
mysql> SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1999-01-01', '%X %V');
        -> '1998 52'
mysql> SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2006-06-00', '%d');
        -> '00'

mysql> SELECT DAYNAME('2007-02-03');
        -> 'Saturday'

mysql> SELECT DAYOFMONTH('2007-02-03');
        -> 3

mysql> SELECT DAYOFWEEK('2007-02-03');
        -> 7

mysql> SELECT DAYOFYEAR('2007-02-03');
        -> 34

mysql> SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR FROM '2019-07-02');
        -> 2019
mysql> SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR_MONTH FROM '2019-07-02 01:02:03');
        -> 201907
mysql> SELECT EXTRACT(DAY_MINUTE FROM '2019-07-02 01:02:03');
        -> 20102
mysql> SELECT EXTRACT(MICROSECOND
    ->                FROM '2003-01-02 10:30:00.000123');
        -> 123

mysql> SELECT FROM_DAYS(730669);
        -> '2000-07-03'

mysql> SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1447430881);
        -> '2015-11-13 10:08:01'
mysql> SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1447430881) + 0;
        -> 20151113100801
mysql> SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1447430881,
    ->                      '%Y %D %M %h:%i:%s %x');
        -> '2015 13th November 10:08:01 2015'

mysql> SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2003-10-03',GET_FORMAT(DATE,'EUR'));
        -> '03.10.2003'
mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('10.31.2003',GET_FORMAT(DATE,'USA'));
        -> '2003-10-31'

mysql> SELECT HOUR('10:05:03');
        -> 10
mysql> SELECT HOUR('272:59:59');
        -> 272

mysql> SELECT LAST_DAY('2003-02-05');
        -> '2003-02-28'
mysql> SELECT LAST_DAY('2004-02-05');
        -> '2004-02-29'
mysql> SELECT LAST_DAY('2004-01-01 01:01:01');
        -> '2004-01-31'
mysql> SELECT LAST_DAY('2003-03-32');
        -> NULL

mysql> SELECT MAKEDATE(2011,31), MAKEDATE(2011,32);
        -> '2011-01-31', '2011-02-01'
mysql> SELECT MAKEDATE(2011,365), MAKEDATE(2014,365);
        -> '2011-12-31', '2014-12-31'
mysql> SELECT MAKEDATE(2011,0);
        -> NULL

mysql> SELECT MAKETIME(12,15,30);
        -> '12:15:30'

mysql> SELECT MICROSECOND('12:00:00.123456');
        -> 123456
mysql> SELECT MICROSECOND('2019-12-31 23:59:59.000010');
        -> 10

mysql> SELECT MINUTE('2008-02-03 10:05:03');
        -> 5

mysql> SELECT MONTH('2008-02-03');
        -> 2

mysql> SELECT MONTHNAME('2008-02-03');
        -> 'February'

mysql> SELECT NOW();
        -> '2007-12-15 23:50:26'
mysql> SELECT NOW() + 0;
        -> 20071215235026.000000

mysql> SELECT NOW(), SLEEP(2), NOW();
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+
| NOW()               | SLEEP(2) | NOW()               |
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+
| 2006-04-12 13:47:36 |        0 | 2006-04-12 13:47:36 |
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+

mysql> SELECT SYSDATE(), SLEEP(2), SYSDATE();
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+
| SYSDATE()           | SLEEP(2) | SYSDATE()           |
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+
| 2006-04-12 13:47:44 |        0 | 2006-04-12 13:47:46 |
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+

mysql> SELECT PERIOD_ADD(200801,2);
        -> 200803

mysql> SELECT PERIOD_DIFF(200802,200703);
        -> 11

mysql> SELECT QUARTER('2008-04-01');
        -> 2

mysql> SELECT SECOND('10:05:03');
        -> 3

mysql> SELECT SEC_TO_TIME(2378);
        -> '00:39:38'
mysql> SELECT SEC_TO_TIME(2378) + 0;
        -> 3938

mysql> SELECT SEC_TO_TIME(2378);
        -> '00:39:38'
mysql> SELECT SEC_TO_TIME(2378) + 0;
        -> 3938

mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('01,5,2013','%d,%m,%Y');
        -> '2013-05-01'
mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('May 1, 2013','%M %d,%Y');
        -> '2013-05-01'

mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('a09:30:17','a%h:%i:%s');
        -> '09:30:17'
mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('a09:30:17','%h:%i:%s');
        -> NULL
mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('09:30:17a','%h:%i:%s');
        -> '09:30:17'

mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('abc','abc');
        -> '0000-00-00'
mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('9','%m');
        -> '0000-09-00'
mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('9','%s');
        -> '00:00:09'

mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('00/00/0000', '%m/%d/%Y');
        -> '0000-00-00'
mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('04/31/2004', '%m/%d/%Y');
        -> '2004-04-31'

mysql> SET sql_mode = '';
mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('00/00/0000', '%m/%d/%Y');
+---------------------------------------+
| STR_TO_DATE('00/00/0000', '%m/%d/%Y') |
+---------------------------------------+
| 0000-00-00                            |
+---------------------------------------+
mysql> SET sql_mode = 'NO_ZERO_DATE';
mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('00/00/0000', '%m/%d/%Y');
+---------------------------------------+
| STR_TO_DATE('00/00/0000', '%m/%d/%Y') |
+---------------------------------------+
| NULL                                  |
+---------------------------------------+
mysql> SHOW WARNINGS\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
  Level: Warning
   Code: 1411
Message: Incorrect datetime value: '00/00/0000' for function str_to_date

mysql> SELECT STR_TO_DATE('200442 Monday', '%X%V %W');
        -> '2004-10-18'

mysql> SELECT DATE_SUB('2008-01-02', INTERVAL 31 DAY);
        -> '2007-12-02'
mysql> SELECT SUBDATE('2008-01-02', INTERVAL 31 DAY);
        -> '2007-12-02'

mysql> SELECT SUBDATE('2008-01-02 12:00:00', 31);
        -> '2007-12-02 12:00:00'

mysql> SELECT SUBTIME('2007-12-31 23:59:59.999999','1 1:1:1.000002');
        -> '2007-12-30 22:58:58.999997'
mysql> SELECT SUBTIME('01:00:00.999999', '02:00:00.999998');
        -> '-00:59:59.999999'

mysql> SELECT NOW(), SLEEP(2), NOW();
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+
| NOW()               | SLEEP(2) | NOW()               |
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+
| 2006-04-12 13:47:36 |        0 | 2006-04-12 13:47:36 |
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+

mysql> SELECT SYSDATE(), SLEEP(2), SYSDATE();
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+
| SYSDATE()           | SLEEP(2) | SYSDATE()           |
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+
| 2006-04-12 13:47:44 |        0 | 2006-04-12 13:47:46 |
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+

mysql> SELECT TIME('2003-12-31 01:02:03');
        -> '01:02:03'
mysql> SELECT TIME('2003-12-31 01:02:03.000123');
        -> '01:02:03.000123'

mysql> SELECT TIMEDIFF('2000:01:01 00:00:00',
    ->                 '2000:01:01 00:00:00.000001');
        -> '-00:00:00.000001'
mysql> SELECT TIMEDIFF('2008-12-31 23:59:59.000001',
    ->                 '2008-12-30 01:01:01.000002');
        -> '46:58:57.999999'

mysql> SELECT TIMESTAMP('2003-12-31');
        -> '2003-12-31 00:00:00'
mysql> SELECT TIMESTAMP('2003-12-31 12:00:00','12:00:00');
        -> '2004-01-01 00:00:00'

mysql> SELECT TIMESTAMPADD(MINUTE,1,'2003-01-02');
        -> '2003-01-02 00:01:00'
mysql> SELECT TIMESTAMPADD(WEEK,1,'2003-01-02');
        -> '2003-01-09'

mysql> SELECT TIMESTAMPDIFF(MONTH,'2003-02-01','2003-05-01');
        -> 3
mysql> SELECT TIMESTAMPDIFF(YEAR,'2002-05-01','2001-01-01');
        -> -1
mysql> SELECT TIMESTAMPDIFF(MINUTE,'2003-02-01','2003-05-01 12:05:55');
        -> 128885

mysql> SELECT TIME_FORMAT('100:00:00', '%H %k %h %I %l');
        -> '100 100 04 04 4'

mysql> SELECT TIME_TO_SEC('22:23:00');
        -> 80580
mysql> SELECT TIME_TO_SEC('00:39:38');
        -> 2378

mysql> SELECT TO_DAYS(950501);
        -> 728779
mysql> SELECT TO_DAYS('2007-10-07');
        -> 733321

mysql> SELECT TO_DAYS('2008-10-07'), TO_DAYS('08-10-07');
        -> 733687, 733687

mysql> SELECT TO_DAYS('0000-00-00');
+-----------------------+
| to_days('0000-00-00') |
+-----------------------+
|                  NULL |
+-----------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW WARNINGS;
+---------+------+----------------------------------------+
| Level   | Code | Message                                |
+---------+------+----------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1292 | Incorrect datetime value: '0000-00-00' |
+---------+------+----------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> SELECT TO_DAYS('0000-01-01');
+-----------------------+
| to_days('0000-01-01') |
+-----------------------+
|                     1 |
+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT TO_SECONDS(950501);
        -> 62966505600
mysql> SELECT TO_SECONDS('2009-11-29');
        -> 63426672000
mysql> SELECT TO_SECONDS('2009-11-29 13:43:32');
        -> 63426721412
mysql> SELECT TO_SECONDS( NOW() );
        -> 63426721458

mysql> SELECT TO_SECONDS('0000-00-00');
+--------------------------+
| TO_SECONDS('0000-00-00') |
+--------------------------+
|                     NULL |
+--------------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW WARNINGS;
+---------+------+----------------------------------------+
| Level   | Code | Message                                |
+---------+------+----------------------------------------+
| Warning | 1292 | Incorrect datetime value: '0000-00-00' |
+---------+------+----------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> SELECT TO_SECONDS('0000-01-01');
+--------------------------+
| TO_SECONDS('0000-01-01') |
+--------------------------+
|                    86400 |
+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP();
        -> 1447431666
mysql> SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2015-11-13 10:20:19');
        -> 1447431619
mysql> SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2015-11-13 10:20:19.012');
        -> 1447431619.012

mysql> SET time_zone = 'MET';
mysql> SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2005-03-27 03:00:00');
+---------------------------------------+
| UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2005-03-27 03:00:00') |
+---------------------------------------+
|                            1111885200 |
+---------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2005-03-27 02:00:00');
+---------------------------------------+
| UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2005-03-27 02:00:00') |
+---------------------------------------+
|                            1111885200 |
+---------------------------------------+
mysql> SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1111885200);
+---------------------------+
| FROM_UNIXTIME(1111885200) |
+---------------------------+
| 2005-03-27 03:00:00       |
+---------------------------+

mysql> SELECT UTC_DATE(), UTC_DATE() + 0;
        -> '2003-08-14', 20030814

mysql> SELECT UTC_TIME(), UTC_TIME() + 0;
        -> '18:07:53', 180753.000000

mysql> SELECT UTC_TIMESTAMP(), UTC_TIMESTAMP() + 0;
        -> '2003-08-14 18:08:04', 20030814180804.000000

mysql> SELECT WEEK('2008-02-20');
        -> 7
mysql> SELECT WEEK('2008-02-20',0);
        -> 7
mysql> SELECT WEEK('2008-02-20',1);
        -> 8
mysql> SELECT WEEK('2008-12-31',1);
        -> 53

mysql> SELECT YEAR('2000-01-01'), WEEK('2000-01-01',0);
        -> 2000, 0

mysql> SELECT WEEK('2000-01-01',2);
        -> 52

mysql> SELECT YEARWEEK('2000-01-01');
        -> 199952
mysql> SELECT MID(YEARWEEK('2000-01-01'),5,2);
        -> '52'

mysql> SELECT WEEKDAY('2008-02-03 22:23:00');
        -> 6
mysql> SELECT WEEKDAY('2007-11-06');
        -> 1

mysql> SELECT WEEKOFYEAR('2008-02-20');
        -> 8

mysql> SELECT YEAR('1987-01-01');
        -> 1987

mysql> SELECT YEARWEEK('1987-01-01');
        -> 198652

Keywords: Database MySQL

Added by fat creative on Mon, 22 Nov 2021 08:33:20 +0200

Programming VIP

MySQL date and time functions

Popular Keywords