Dependency injection

Dependency injection will automatically hand over the dependency relationship to the target object instead of letting the object obtain the dependency itself
The dependency of Quest is given to the BraveKnight object here

package sia.knights;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;

import org.junit.Test;

import sia.knights.BraveKnight;
import sia.knights.Quest;

public class BraveKnightTest {

  @Test
  public void knightShouldEmbarkOnQuest() {
    Quest mockQuest = mock(Quest.class);
    BraveKnight knight = new BraveKnight(mockQuest);
    knight.embarkOnQuest();
    verify(mockQuest, times(1)).embark();
  }

}

Dependency injection mode 1 (using java)

package sia.knights.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import sia.knights.BraveKnight;
import sia.knights.Knight;
import sia.knights.Quest;
import sia.knights.SlayDragonQuest;

@Configuration
public class KnightConfig {

  @Bean
  public Knight knight() {
    return new BraveKnight(quest());
  }
  
  @Bean
  public Quest quest() {
    return new SlayDragonQuest(System.out);
  }

}

package sia.knights;

import java.io.PrintStream;

public class SlayDragonQuest implements Quest {

  private PrintStream stream;

  public SlayDragonQuest(PrintStream stream) {
    this.stream = stream;
  }

  public void embark() {
    stream.println("Embarking on quest to slay the dragon!");
  }

}

package sia.knights;
  
public class BraveKnight implements Knight {

  private Quest quest;

  public BraveKnight(Quest quest) {
    this.quest = quest;
  }

  public void embarkOnQuest() {
    quest.embark();
  }

}

package sia.knights;

public interface Quest {

  void embark();

}

Dependency injection mode 2 (using spring injection)

package sia.knights;

import org.springframework.context.support.
                   ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class KnightMain {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = 
        new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
            "META-INF/spring/knight.xml");
    Knight knight = context.getBean(Knight.class);
    knight.embarkOnQuest();
    context.close();
  }

}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

  <bean id="knight" class="sia.knights.BraveKnight">
    <constructor-arg ref="quest" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="quest" class="sia.knights.SlayDragonQuest">
    <constructor-arg value="#{T(System).out}" />
  </bean>

</beans>

aop application section

Facing section
You can define the pointcut implementation to call other methods.
Security, transaction, and log concerns can be separated from the core business logic.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

  <bean id="knight" class="sia.knights.BraveKnight">
    <constructor-arg ref="quest" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="quest" class="sia.knights.SlayDragonQuest">
    <constructor-arg value="#{T(System).out}" />
  </bean>

  <bean id="minstrel" class="sia.knights.Minstrel">
    <constructor-arg value="#{T(System).out}" />
  </bean>

  <aop:config>
    <aop:aspect ref="minstrel">
      <aop:pointcut id="embark"
          expression="execution(* *.embarkOnQuest(..))"/>
        
      <aop:before pointcut-ref="embark" 
          method="singBeforeQuest"/>

      <aop:after pointcut-ref="embark" 
          method="singAfterQuest"/>
    </aop:aspect>
  </aop:config>
  
</beans>