1, Major coordinate systems
At present, map development is inseparable from positioning, positioning is inseparable from the selection and transformation of coordinate system, so it is necessary to simply say.
World geodetic coordinate (WGS84)
1. The internationally adopted standard is the coordinate system established for the use of GPS global positioning system, which can obtain data from professional GPS equipment.
2. Coordinate system used in international map.
3. Google overseas map, osm map
Mars coordinates (GCJ-02)
1. The standard adopted in China is precisely called the coordinate system of the National Bureau of survey, which can obtain data from the positioning of the mobile equipment of the state bank
2. All kinds of maps published in China at least use GCJ-02 to encrypt and offset the geographic location
3. Gaud map, sky map, search map, etc
Baidu coordinate (BD-09)
1. Baidu map adopts its own coordinate standard.
2. Baidu coordinate is encrypted again on the basis of GCJ-02
3. Baidu map
2, The transformation of coordinate systems
Common entity
1 /// <summary> 2 /// Longitude and latitude 3 /// </summary> 4 public class StationGps 5 { 6 /// <summary> 7 /// longitude 8 /// </summary> 9 public double longitude { get; set; } 10 /// <summary> 11 /// latitude 12 /// </summary> 13 public double latitude { get; set; } 14 }
1. Mars coordinates to Baidu
1 private static double x_pi = 3.14159265358979324 * 3000.0 / 180.0; 2 3 public static StationGps HxToBd(double lon, double lat) 4 { 5 var result = new StationGps(); 6 double x = lon, y = lat; 7 var z = Math.Sqrt(x * x + y * y) + 0.00002 * Math.Sin(y * x_pi); 8 var theta = Math.Atan2(y, x) + 0.000003 * Math.Cos(x * x_pi); 9 result.longitude = z * Math.Cos(theta) + 0.0065; 10 result.latitude = z * Math.Sin(theta) + 0.006; 11 return result; 12 }
2. Baidu to Mars
1 private static double x_pi = 3.14159265358979324 * 3000.0 / 180.0; 2 3 public static StationGps BdToHx(double lon, double lat) 4 { 5 var result = new StationGps(); 6 double x = lon - 0.0065, y = lat - 0.006; 7 var z = Math.Sqrt(x * x + y * y) - 0.00002 * Math.Sin(y * x_pi); 8 var theta = Math.Atan2(y, x) - 0.000003 * Math.Cos(x * x_pi); 9 result.longitude = z * Math.Cos(theta); 10 result.latitude = z * Math.Sin(theta); 11 return result; 12 }
3. World geodetic coordinate to Mars coordinate
1 private static double pi = 3.14159265358979324; 2 private static double a = 6378245.0; 3 private static double ee = 0.00669342162296594323; 4 5 public static StationGps WgsToHx(double lon, double lat) 6 { 7 var result = new StationGps(); 8 double dLat = TransformLat(lat - 35.0, lon - 105.0); 9 double dLon = TransformLon(lat - 35.0, lon - 105.0); 10 double radLat = lat / 180.0 * pi; 11 double magic = Math.Sin(radLat); 12 magic = 1 - ee * magic * magic; 13 var sqrtMagic = Math.Sqrt(magic); 14 dLat = (dLat * 180.0) / ((a * (1 - ee)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * pi); 15 dLon = (dLon * 180.0) / (a / sqrtMagic * Math.Cos(radLat) * pi); 16 result.latitude = lat + dLat; 17 result.longitude = lon + dLon; 18 return result; 19 } 20 21 private static double TransformLat(double lon, double lat) 22 { 23 var ret = -100.0 + 2.0 * lat + 3.0 * lon + 0.2 * lon * lon + 0.1 * lat * lon + 0.2 * Math.Sqrt(Math.Abs(lat)); 24 ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(6.0 * lat * pi) + 20.0 * Math.Sin(2.0 * lat * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; 25 ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(lon * pi) + 40.0 * Math.Sin(lon / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; 26 ret += (160.0 * Math.Sin(lon / 12.0 * pi) + 320 * Math.Sin(lon * pi / 30.0)) * 2.0 / 3.0; 27 return ret; 28 } 29 private static double TransformLon(double lon, double lat) 30 { 31 var ret = 300.0 + lat + 2.0 * lon + 0.1 * lat * lat + 0.1 * lat * lon + 0.1 * Math.Sqrt(Math.Abs(lat)); 32 ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(6.0 * lat * pi) + 20.0 * Math.Sin(2.0 * lat * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; 33 ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(lat * pi) + 40.0 * Math.Sin(lat / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; 34 ret += (150.0 * Math.Sin(lat / 12.0 * pi) + 300.0 * Math.Sin(lat / 30.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; 35 return ret; 36 }
4. World geodetic coordinates to Baidu coordinates
1 private static double pi = 3.14159265358979324; 2 private static double a = 6378245.0; 3 private static double ee = 0.00669342162296594323; 4 private static double x_pi = 3.14159265358979324 * 3000.0 / 180.0; 5 6 public static StationGps WgsToBd(double lon, double lat) 7 { 8 var hx = WgsToHx(lon, lat); 9 var bd = HxToBd(hx.longitude, hx.latitude); 10 return bd; 11 } 12 13 public static StationGps HxToBd(double lon, double lat) 14 { 15 var result = new StationGps(); 16 double x = lon, y = lat; 17 var z = Math.Sqrt(x * x + y * y) + 0.00002 * Math.Sin(y * x_pi); 18 var theta = Math.Atan2(y, x) + 0.000003 * Math.Cos(x * x_pi); 19 result.longitude = z * Math.Cos(theta) + 0.0065; 20 result.latitude = z * Math.Sin(theta) + 0.006; 21 return result; 22 } 23 24 public static StationGps WgsToHx(double lon, double lat) 25 { 26 var result = new StationGps(); 27 double dLat = TransformLat(lat - 35.0, lon - 105.0); 28 double dLon = TransformLon(lat - 35.0, lon - 105.0); 29 double radLat = lat / 180.0 * pi; 30 double magic = Math.Sin(radLat); 31 magic = 1 - ee * magic * magic; 32 var sqrtMagic = Math.Sqrt(magic); 33 dLat = (dLat * 180.0) / ((a * (1 - ee)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * pi); 34 dLon = (dLon * 180.0) / (a / sqrtMagic * Math.Cos(radLat) * pi); 35 result.latitude = lat + dLat; 36 result.longitude = lon + dLon; 37 return result; 38 } 39 40 private static double TransformLat(double lon, double lat) 41 { 42 var ret = -100.0 + 2.0 * lat + 3.0 * lon + 0.2 * lon * lon + 0.1 * lat * lon + 0.2 * Math.Sqrt(Math.Abs(lat)); 43 ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(6.0 * lat * pi) + 20.0 * Math.Sin(2.0 * lat * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; 44 ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(lon * pi) + 40.0 * Math.Sin(lon / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; 45 ret += (160.0 * Math.Sin(lon / 12.0 * pi) + 320 * Math.Sin(lon * pi / 30.0)) * 2.0 / 3.0; 46 return ret; 47 } 48 49 private static double TransformLon(double lon, double lat) 50 { 51 var ret = 300.0 + lat + 2.0 * lon + 0.1 * lat * lat + 0.1 * lat * lon + 0.1 * Math.Sqrt(Math.Abs(lat)); 52 ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(6.0 * lat * pi) + 20.0 * Math.Sin(2.0 * lat * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; 53 ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(lat * pi) + 40.0 * Math.Sin(lat / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; 54 ret += (150.0 * Math.Sin(lat / 12.0 * pi) + 300.0 * Math.Sin(lat / 30.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0; 55 return ret; 56 }