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catalogue Multi file structure and compilation preprocessing commands General organization of C + + programs Example 5-10 multi file project External variable External function Restrict variables and functions to compilation units Standard C + + Library Compilation preprocessing l #include include instruction l #define macro definit ...

The function of iterator: traverse a collection of the same elements. The iterator pattern is a behavioral design pattern. The idea of iterator: traverse the values of the elements in the collection in some way without changing the underlying elements. Implementation of iterator: 1: premise: a collection element class, a collection class, a ...

Unmanned CPP shared pointer Usage of shared pointers The shared_ptr is provided in the current Boost library and should be a template class provided in the standard library of C++1x in the future. Previously, the "auto_ptr" in the ISO/IEC 14882:2003 standard library had similar functions. Obviously shared_ PTR is better than auto_ P ...

1. Summary For basic data types and user-defined types, we need to use precompiled instructions to ensure stack memory alignment, and rewrite operator new to ensure heap memory alignment. For nested custom types, the alignment of their internal data types will be automatically guaranteed when applying for stack memory, and operator new still n ...

A - chessboard problem Put pieces on a chessboard of a given shape (the shape may be irregular), and there is no difference between the pieces. It is required that any two pieces cannot be placed in the same row or column in the chessboard. Please program to solve all feasible placement schemes C for placing k pieces for a chessboard of given ...

C + + operator overloading The operands of predefined operators in C + + can only be basic data types. But in fact, similar operations are required for many user-defined types (such as classes). Therefore, you can redefine or overload most of the built-in operators in C + +. This allows you to use custom type operators. Operator overloading is ...

A. Ancient Civilization Title portal I'll give you an array a (decimal) with a length of n,, now ask you to take out an ANS (decimal system),, so that the sum of position differences corresponding to a[i] (binary) and ans (binary) is minimized. Take chestnuts for example: the binary of a[i]=5 is 101, and the binary of ans=10 is 1010. When w ...

1, Problem description Here are two strings S and T. please find the shortest substring containing all the characters in T in S. If there is no such substring, the algorithm returns an empty string; If such a substring is found, the answer can be considered to be unique. 2, Violent solution 1. Algorithm //Violent solution string fun(string ...

C + + basic syntax C language is a structured language, which is not suitable for large-scale program development. Bjarne et al. Adapted to the object-oriented idea and invented a new language based on C language, called C + +. C + + is based on C language. It was originally called C with class. It added the concept of class, and then grad ...

Catalog C. Division by Two and Permutation A. Plus One on the Subset B. Make AP C. Division by Two and Permutation Topic Description Interpretation Given a n array of size n, you can do something like delete a and put a/2 (rounding down) into the array. We can do this many times and output YES if we can get a full permutation ...