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Stream: several bytes of data arrive from one end to the other, which is called stream Stream class system: stream objects, and stream operators > >   << Input / output stream ostream class: cout,cerr,clog, istream class cin #include<iostream> using namespace std; void testostream() { cout << "standard ou ...

BFS templatevoid BFS(int s){ queue<int> q; q.push(s); while(!q.empty()){ Take out the team head element front; Access team leader element front; Take the first element out of the team; take front All nodes that have not been queued in the next layer of nodes are queued, and the queued nodes are ...

More detailed principle and usage of vector Store data void text() { // Store int type data. Of course, you can also store other types, such as char, string, class, etc vector<int> vec; vec[0] = 10; vec[1] = 9; } The above storage method is wrong! It's true that vector is an array, but the initial vec has no size, so ...

Catalogue of series articles   Article catalog Catalogue of series articlesprefaceI Virtual functions and virtual function tablesII Virtual functions and polymorphisms3, Pure virtual function and ADT4, Virtual destructor5, C + + type conversion summary preface 1, Virtual functions and virtual function tables Virtual func ...

QQ Lianliankan stand-alone version: qqlk.exe Title: 1. Find the exe of the program itself 2. Remove the advertisement in the program 3. Write a QQ plug-in Tools used: OD PEID ImpREC VS2013 Test environment: Virtual machine win7 platform 32-bit 1. Initial interface &n ...

  Conversion ideas:       This code realizes the conversion from decimal to binary, octal and hexadecimal. The code body is implemented by stack. Let's first look at the method of converting decimal to binary. The conversion law is to divide the decimal number by 2 to get the remainder, that is, the remainder first divided ...

Concept of red black tree Red black tree is a binary search tree, but a storage bit is added on each node to represent the color of the node. This color can be red or black, so we call it red black tree. By limiting the coloring mode of each node on any path from root to leaf, the red black tree ensures that no path will be twice as ...

I.   Use of the static keyword 1.static: static   2.static can be used to decorate attributes, methods, code blocks, internal classes   3. Modify attributes with static: static variables 3.1 Attribute: Static variables (class variables) by whether or not they are modified with statics   vs   Non-static variable (i ...

Game link Note: the following order is the expected difficulty order 1. The Chinese don't lie to the Chinese tag: Escape Character Output directly. Pay attention to the escape of the character \ Reference code: #include <stdio.h> int main(){ printf("I Love ecjtuacm /\\=/\\") return 0; } C. Happy New Year tag: Reading Comprehens ...

catalogue 1, Foreword 2, System introduction 3, Complete code 4, Summary ​​​​​​​ 1, Foreword         I am a freshman and a novice programmer who has just come into contact with code. After learning the structure part, the teacher arranged a comprehensive experimental assignment, which needs to make a simple student ...